Biomarkers
8-OHdG (8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine) ELISA Assay
EGP0.00 / Sample
It’s a widely-used biomarker of oxidative DNA damages. 8-OHdG in peripheral blood leukocyte is associated with mutation and cancer risk. The level of 8-OHdG in peripheral blood leukocytes can indicate a long-term response to oxidative stress rather than that in urine. Accurate identification and quantification of leukocyte 8-OHdG are significant for understanding its mechanism of repair, formation, and biological consequences.
Assay Principle
ELISA kit uses the Competitive-ELISA principle. The micro ELISA plate is pre-coated with 8-OHdG. During the reaction, 8-OHdG in the sample/standard competes with a fixed amount of 8-OHdG on the solid phase supporter for sites on the Biotinylated Detection Ab specific to 8-OHdG. Avidin-Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) conjugate are added to each micro plate well and incubated. Then a TMB substrate solution is added to each well. The optical density is measured spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 450 nm. The OD value is proportional to the concentration of Rat 8-OHdG.
BAX (Bcl-2 Associated X protein) ELISA Assay
EGP0.00 / SampleThe protein encoded by BAX gene is related to Bcl-2 protein family, which act as an anti- or pro-apoptotic regulators. This protein interacts with, and increases the opening of the mitochondrial voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC), which leads to the lack in membrane potential and the release of cytochrome c.
Assay Principle
ELISA plates are pre-coated with an antibody specific to Rat BAX. After adding samples/standards, a biotinylated detection antibody specific for Rat IL-6 and Avidin-Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) conjugate are added successively to each well and incubated. The optical density of BAX conjugated with the biotinylated detection antibody is measured spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 450 nm. The OD value is proportional to the concentration of Rat BAX.
Bcl-2 (B-cell Lymphoma/Leukemia 2) ELISA Assay
EGP0.00 / Sample
It’s encoded by BCL2 gene. Actually it was the first apoptosis regulator identified in organisms. Bcl-2 proteins family has a significant role in normal cell physiology related to neuronal activity, autophagy, calcium handling and mitochondrial dynamics as it exists to the outer membrane of mitochondria, so it promotes cellular survival and inhibits the actions of pro-apoptotic proteins.
Assay Principle
ELISA plates are pre-coated with an antibody specific to Rat Bcl-2. After adding samples/standards, a biotinylated detection antibody specific for Rat Bcl-2 and Avidin-Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) conjugate are added successively to each well and incubated. The optical density of Bcl-2 conjugated with the biotinylated detection antibody is measured spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 450 nm. The OD value is proportional to the concentration of Rat Bcl-2.
CASP-3 (Caspase-3) ELISA Assay
EGP0.00 / SampleCaspase 3 is a comparatively small protein that composed of 2 subunits, a 12- and 17-kDa subunit. It plays a critical role in programmed cell death (apoptosis) and catalyzes the specific cleavage of many key cellular proteins. It’s also significant for normal brain development.
Assay Principle
ELISA plate is pre-coated with an antibody specific to Rat CASP3. After adding samples/standards, a biotinylated detection antibody specific for Rat CASP-3 and Avidin-Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) conjugate are added successively to each well and incubated. The optical density of CASP-3 conjugated with the biotinylated detection antibody is measured spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 450 nm. The OD value measured is proportional to the concentration of Rat CASP-3.
COX 1 & COX 2
EGP250.00 / SamplePTGS-1/COX-1 (Prostaglandin Endoperoxide Synthase 1 / Cyclooxygenase-1) ELISA Assay
COX-1 is a complete membrane protein and it is located in the endoplasmic reticulum. It is a
bi-functional protein. COX-1 is the responsible enzyme to synthase PGE1 and PGI1 that exert cytoprotective effects on many aspects of gastric functions. COX-1 is considered as a housekeeping enzyme, being responsible for cell-to-cell signaling and tissue homeostasis.
Assay Principle
ELISA plates are pre-coated with an antibody specific to Rat PTGS1/COX-1. After adding samples/standards, a biotinylated detection antibody specific for Rat PTGS1/COX-1 and
Avidin-Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) conjugate are added successively to each well and incubated. The optical density of PTGS1/COX-1 conjugated with the biotinylated detection antibody is measured spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 450 nm. The OD value is proportional to the concentration of Rat PTGS1/COX-1.
PTGS-2/COX-2 (Prostaglandin Endoperoxide Synthase 2 / Cyclooxygenase-2) ELISA Assay
Prostaglandins are composed from arachidonic acid through the action of cyclooxygenase (COX). There are two closely forms of COX that are known as COX-1 and COX-2. COX-2 is upregulated during cancer and inflammation. Both contribute to auto-regulatory and homeostatic prostanoids generation.
Assay Principle
ELISA plates are pre-coated with an antibody specific to Rat PTGS2/COX-2. After adding samples/standards, a biotinylated detection antibody specific for Rat PTGS2/COX-2 and Avidin-Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) conjugate are added successively to each well and incubated. The optical density of PTGS2/COX-2 conjugated with the biotinylated detection antibody is measured spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 450 nm. The OD value is proportional to the concentration of Rat PTGS2/COX-2.
Growth Factors (VEGF – A)
EGP0.00 / SampleVEGF-A (Vascular Endothelial Cell Growth Factor A) ELISA Assay
It’s a significant neuroprotectant in the central nervous system (CNS). VEGF-A signalling has a critical role in embryonic development through the regulation of angiogenesis. It regulates many of the endothelial response such as migration and proliferation of endothelial cells, vascular permeability. Angiogenesis is important for tumour progression and this process is highly dependent on VEGF-A signalling.
Assay Principle
ELISA plates are pre-coated with an antibody specific to Rat VEGF-A. After adding samples/standards, a biotinylated detection antibody specific for Rat VEGF-A and Avidin-Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) conjugate are added successively to each well and incubated. The optical density of VEGF-A conjugated with the biotinylated detection antibody is measured spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 450 nm. The OD value is proportional to the concentration of Rat VEGF-A.
Interferons (Beta & Gamma)
EGP250.00 / SampleIFN‐γ (Interferon Gamma) ELISA Assay
It’s secreted by natural killer cells and activated T cells. It plays a significant role in activation of macrophages, intermediate antibacterial and antiviral immunity. Induces antigen presentation and orchestrate activation of the innate immune system.
Assay Principle
ELISA plates are pre-coated with an antibody specific to Rat IFN-γ. After adding samples/standards, a biotinylated detection antibody specific for Rat IFN-γ and Avidin-Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) conjugate are added successively to each well and incubated. The optical density of IFN-γ conjugated with the biotinylated detection antibody is measured spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 450 nm. The OD value is proportional to the concentration of Rat IFN-γ.
Interleukins (1B, 6 & 10)
EGP250.00 / SampleIL-6 (Interleukin 6) ELISA Assay
Interleukin 6 (IL-6) is a multifunctional 26 kD protein originally discovered in the medium of RNA-stimulated fibroblastoid cells. IL-6 appears to be directly involved in the responses that occur after infection and cellular injury, and it may prove to be important as IL-1 and TNF-a in regulating the acute phase response. Primarily produced at sites of acute and chronic inflammation, IL-6 is secreted into the serum and induces a transcriptional inflammatory response through interleukin 6 receptor, alpha. The functioning of IL-6 is implicated in a wide variety of inflammation-associated disease states including diabetes mellitus and systemic juvenile rheumatoid arthritis.
Assay Principle
ELISA plates are pre-coated with an antibody specific to Rat IL-6. After adding samples/standards, a biotinylated detection antibody specific for Rat IL-6 and Avidin-Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) conjugate are added successively to each well and incubated. The optical density of IL-6 conjugated with the biotinylated detection antibody is measured spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 450 nm. The OD value is proportional to the concentration of Rat IL-6.
IL-1ꞵ (Interleukin 1 Beta) ELISA Assay
Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) is a proinflammatory cytokine expressed by monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells. IL-1 beta is synthesized in response to inflammatory stimuli as a 31 kDa inactive pro-form that accumulates in the cytosol. Cleavage of pro-IL-1 beta into the active 17 kDa protein requires the activation of inflammasomes, which are multi-protein complexes that respond to pathogens, stress conditions, and other danger signals. Inflammasome activation triggers the processing of the caspase-1 precursor into its active form, which in turn cleaves pro-IL-1 beta. IL-1 beta lacks a signal sequence peptide for classical ER/Golgi pathway and is secreted alongside caspase-1 via an alternate and incompletely understood mechanism. IL-1 beta play an important role in innate host defense by triggering the production of other proinflammatory cytokines in target cells and initiating acute-phase responses to infection and injury. Elevated levels of IL-1 beta have been associated with many chronic inflammatory conditions IL-1 beta neutralizing antibodies potential therapeutic value.
Assay Principle
The Rat IL-1β solid-phase sandwich ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) is designed to measure the amount of the target bound between a matched antibody pair. A target-specific antibody has been pre-coated in the wells of the supplied microplate. Samples, standards, or controls are then added into these wells and bind to the immobilized (capture) antibody. The sandwich is formed by the addition of the second (detector) antibody, a substrate solution is added that reacts with the enzyme-antibody-target complex to produce measurable signal. The optical density (OD) is measured spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 450 nm
IL-10 (Interleukin 10) ELISA Assay
IL-10 (Interleukin-10) is a pleiotropic cytokine with important immunoregulatory functions. Its actions influence activities of many of the cell-types in the immune system. It is a cytokine with potent anti-inflammatory properties, repressing the expression of inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-Alpha (Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha), IL-6 (Interleukin-6) and IL-1 (Interleukin-1) by activated macrophages.
Assay Principal
The micro ELISA plate is pre-coated with an antibody specific to Rat IL-10. Standards/samples are added to the micro ELISA plate wells and combined with the specific antibody. Then a biotinylated detection antibody specific for Rat IL-10 and Avidin-Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) conjugate are added successively to each micro plate well and incubated. Free components are washed awayl. Only those wells that contain Rat IL-10, biotinylated detection antibody and Avidin-HRP conjugate will appear blue in color. The enzyme-substrate reaction is terminated by the addition of stop solution and the color turns yellow. The optical density is measured spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 450 nm. The OD value is proportional to the concentration of Rat IL-10.
Lipid Markers
EGP80.00 / sampleLipids are a heterogeneous group of water-insoluble (hydrophobic) organic molecules. Because of their insolubility in aqueous solutions body lipids are generally found compartmentalized, as in the case of membrane-associated lipids, or transported in plasma in association with protein.
Lipids are a major source of energy for the body, and they also provide the hydrophobic barrier that permits partitioning of the aqueous contents of cells and subcellular structures. Lipids serve additional functions in the body, as some fat-soluble vitamins have regulatory or coenzyme functions and steroid hormones play major roles in the control of the body’s homeostasis.
Liver Function Tests
EGP80.00 / sampleLiver is the main metabolic organ responsible for detoxification of xenobiotics in mammals. Evaluating the liver function and the impact of different treatments and compounds on the liver health is a corner stone in scientific research.
MMP-9 (Matrix Metalloproteinase 9) ELISA Assay
EGP0.00 / SampleMatrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9, one of the most widely investigated MMPs, regulates pathological re-modelling processes that involve inflammation and fibrosis in cardiovascular diseases. MMP-9 directly degrades extracellular matrix proteins and activates cytokines and chemokines to regulate tissue re-modelling.
Assay Principle
An ELISA plate is pre-coated with an antibody specific to Rat MMP-9. After adding samples/standards, a biotinylated detection antibody specific for Rat MMP-9 and Avidin-Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) conjugate are added successively to each well and incubated. The optical density of MMP-9 conjugated with the biotinylated detection antibody is measured spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 450 nm. The OD value is proportional to the concentration of Rat MMP-9.
NFKB-p105 (Nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit) ELISA Assay
EGP0.00 / SampleIt’s a transcription factor that exists in almost all cell types. It’s considered as the endpoint in many biological processes such as cell growth, differentiation, inflammation, apoptosis and tumorigenesis. It plays an important role in regulation process of inflammatory responses and also mediate the induction process of many pro-inflammatory genes in innate immune system. Unfortunately inappropriate activation of NFKB due to inflammatory diseases while continual inhibition of NFKB could cause improper immune cell development or delayed cell growth.
Assay Principle
ELISA plates are pre-coated with an antibody specific to Rat NFKB-p105. After adding samples/standards, a biotinylated detection antibody specific for Rat NFKB-p105 and Avidin-Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) conjugate are added successively to each well and incubated. The optical density of NFKB-p105 conjugated with the biotinylated detection antibody is measured spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 450 nm. The OD value is proportional to the concentration of Rat NFKB-p105.